Journal of Applied Economic Research
ISSN 2712-7435
УДК 336.717
Современные подходы к оценке эффективности банковской деятельно-сти: обзор литературы
М.В. Леонов
Ижевский государственный технический университет имени М.Т. Калашникова
Аннотация
В условиях цифровой трансформации экономики исследование эффективности деятельности коммерческих банков является широко востребованным и позволяет выявить предпосылки для формирования устойчивой финансовой системы. Несмотря на большое число научных публикаций по данному направлению, можно говорить об отсутствии системных работ, обобщающих актуальный методологический аппарат исследования эффективности банковской деятельности. Целью статьи является критический анализ подходов к оценке эффективности банковской деятельности и перспектив ее улучшения в цифровой экономике. Сложность оценки эффективности деятельности коммерческих банков заключается в множественности форм выпуска и используемых для этого ресурсов. В данном исследовании автором выдвигается гипотеза о том, что использование современных подходов и методов оценки эффективности банковской деятельности позволяет повысить точность самой оценки, а также идентифицировать факторы, повышающие эффективность деятельности. Статья основывается на англоязычных научных статьях, опубликованных в период 2016–2020 гг. и проиндексированных в международной наукометрической базе данных «Сеть науки». Автором применяется метод систематического библиографического исследования массива публикаций, выделяются основные дискуссионные вопросы последних лет: методология исследования, внутренние факторы эффективности, страновые особенности банковской деятельности. В статье раскрывается содержание, отдельные вопросы и границы применимости непараметрического метода анализа оболочки данных и параметрического метода анализа стохастической границы при оценке эффективности деятельности. Особое внимание обращено на обобщение результатов исследований в части выявления факторов, оказывающих значимое влияние на эффективность деятельности коммерческих банков: структура собственности, отдача от масштаба, регулирование. Автор выделяет повышение роли информационных технологий как ключевого фактора производства, выделяет феномен разрыва цепочки создания ценности в банковской деятельности, формирование новых бизнес-моделей и функционирование банковских экосистем. Научно-практическая значимость статьи заключается в приращении знания, которое выступит базой при разработке мероприятий по совершенствованию банковского регулирования, а также будет служить основой для отбора наиболее эффективных форм банковского посредничества.
Ключевые слова
эффективность банковской деятельности; банковское регулирование; непараметрическая граничная оценка; стохастическая граница эффективности; банковская экосистема; обзор литературы.
JEL classification
G21, G28Список использованной литературы
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Благодарности
Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 20–110-50055. (Конкурс на соискание финансовой поддержки для подготовки и опубликования научных обзорных статей «Экспансия».)
Информация об авторах
Леонов Михаил Витальевич
Кандидат экономических наук, доцент кафедры экономики и финансов Ижевского государственного технического университета имени М. Т. Калашникова, г. Ижевск, Россия (426069, г. Ижевск, ул. Студенческая, 7); ORCID 0000-0002-2251-0437; e-mail: leonov@istu.ru.
Для цитирования
Леонов М.В. Современные подходы к оценке эффективности банковской деятельности: обзор литературы // Journal of Applied Economic Research. 2021. Т. 20, № 2. С. 294-326. DOI: 10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.2.013.
Информация о статье
Дата поступления 2 мая 2021 г.; дата поступления после рецензирования 31 мая 2021 г.; дата принятия к печати 10 июня 2021 г.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.2.013
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